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Pause (Ctrl+Alt+P) Play (Ctrl+Alt+P) Playback speed Previous (Ctrl+Alt+,) Replay (Ctrl+Alt+R) Search Settings Verify (Ctrl+Alt+S) Unmute (Ctrl+Alt+M) Autoscroll Close Transcript Move window Open Resize window Resume autoscroll Select track Show timestamps Transcripts Options hormones in poultry production the myth about the use of a recurrent issue ? hormone use in poultry? ? greater growth of animals? ? effect on consumers? a recurrent issue we should know how to explain myth without assertion peace of mind to consumers and our industry consumption of poultry meat worldwide increase low cost of production compared to other meats nutritional quality versatility quality protein recommended by doctors nutritional value of poultry meat poultry meat: rich in protein of high biological value, provides other nutrients, low calorie intake. * weight before cooking** the recommended daily value (vdr) is the recommended daily amount of a nutrient to maintain a healthy feeding in a 2,000-calorie diet (daily energy value as an example, energy requirements might be different depending on each person). the percentage (%) indicates the proportion of the recommended amount of that nutrient covered by that serving of chicken meat. chicken meat nutritional information center http://www.cincap.com.ar/informacion-nutricional/ gynecomastia pathology in men (one or both mammary glands) excessive synthesis of prolactin or estrogen development of mammary gland and adipose tissue fat glandular tissue gynecomastia normal mammary gland ? protein source recommended by doctors what is the basis of this popular belief? 1950s chemical castration in male chickens castration how does this myth start? gynecomastia gynecomastia gynecomastia click here click here synthetic estrogen: diethylstilbestrol (des) females males hormonal treatment greater weight better quality residues case gynecomastia chemical classification of hormones steroids (lipids derived from cholesterol) des (diethylstilbestrol) proteins and polypeptides growth hormone amines (derived from tryptophan or tyrosine) glycoproteins (protein bound to a carbohydrate) definition and types of hormones classification according to chemical structure classification according to chemical structure classification according to chemical structure click here click here growth hormone diethylstilbestrol or des substances secreted by specific organs regulate other organs blood are hormones used? ? are hormones used to accelerate growth? use of des…. isolated case myth use of hormones: not feasible not in the food not in the water neither as an injectable its use is illegal use banned in most countries by sanitary control agencies purpose: calmness to consumers its prohibition is not necessary: its use is not feasible modern birds do not need them they synthesize their own endogenous hormones depending on the stage of development hormones synthesized in the reproductive system at sexual maturity growth hormone (gh) during development 1960 present genetic selection better nutrition, health and management it is not necessary to use growth hormone none! keep in mind there is no specific growth hormone for broilers available in the market. therefore, their clandestine or illegal production would be extremely expensive, impeding its use by the industry. university of michigan (joyce lee and collaborators) cost of the hormonal treatment 0.98 in (2.5 cm)= +40,000 us$ archives of pediatric & adolescence medicine, 2006;160:263-269 its use is economically not feasible $ feed cost investment in technology margin cost of hormones impact on growth economically unfeasible what hormones are available in the market for poultry use? what hormones are available in the market for poultry use? what hormones are available in the market for poultry use? cost of using growth hormone in kids cost of using growth hormone in kids cost of using growth hormone in kids click on each block click on each block protein digestion in the digestive tract feed water secretions protein digestion inactivates growth hormone denaturation through feed conditioning and pelleting denatured hormones (not effective) hormones applied to the mashed feed mix high temperatures during feed conditioning and pelleting denaturation its implementation is also unfeasible growth hormone protein regular injection not feasible to administer in the food or water in food production in food production in food production in the digestive tract in the digestive tract in the digestive tract click here click here affect animal welfare animal welfare practices minimize the handling and stress regular vaccination diminishes weight gain affects health they have a negative impact on production performance bird selection by: greater growth better conversion rate greater resistance to disease greater egg production target weight at 42 to 45 days! the use of hormones would accelerate development increase in mortality health problems fat accumulation consumers do not accept it consumers do not accept its use hormone use loss of reputation business collapse consumers switch to other brands sales drop merchandise confiscation in conclusion know these concepts: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 the use of hormones is illegal modern birds do not need them its use is economically unfeasible its practical implementation is unfeasible negative impact on production performance they affect animal welfare consumers do not accept it know how to communicate them knock out the myth! it is important to know how to communicate it know the concepts and know how to communicate them recommendations: identify who is our audience use appropriate language according to their reality time dedication use of pictures detailed explanations make sure our explanation was understood begin the review the use of hormones is legal in countries that do not export poultry meat modern birds need them to achieve the appropriate weight between 42 and 45 days its use is economically unfeasible its practical implementation is feasible in automated facilities they have a negative impact on production performance t t f f t t f f t t f f t t f f t t f f affect animal welfare consumers do not accept it t t f f t t f f remember that the use of hormones is illegal in the majority of the countries. modern birds do not need hormones to achieve the appropriate weight between 42 and 45 days. its practical implementation is unfeasible in any type of facility. activity correct answers. attention! one or more options are incorrectly identified. check the answers very good! activity indicate if the following statements regarding the use of hormones are true or false the use of hormones is legal in countries that do not export poultry meat modern birds need them to achieve the appropriate weight between 42 and 45 days its use is economically unfeasible its practical implementation is feasible in automated facilities they have a negative impact on production performance t v t f f f t v t f f f t v t f f f t v t f f f t v t f f f they affect animal welfare consumers do not accept it t v t f f f t v t f f f to finish the myth about the use of hormones in poultry production if you still have any doubt producers association references: cómo se creó el mito de las hormonas en la alimentación de los pollos (2013). centro empresas procesadoras avícolas estimated cost-effectiveness of growth hormone therapy for idiopathic short stature, joyce m. lee et al, arch pediatr adolesc med/vol 160, mar 2006 hormones in our poultry: is it for real? watkins, susan; clark, dustan; thaxton, yvonne; agriculture and natural resources, university of arkansas. the hormone myth, by nick dale and adam davis; university of georgia congratulations! you finished the module. check point there are screens or resources that you have not seen yet. click on those that have a cross to go back and see them. 2 2 2 2.1 2.1 2.1 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 7 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.2 7.2 7.2 return to the module return to the module 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.8 7.8 7.8 8 8 8 9 9 9 10 10 10 congratulations! you finished the module. congratulations! you finished the module. <Document xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <Content> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="Frequently, news and comments are released alleging the use of hormones in poultry production. According to these versions, the poultry industry uses these substances to enhance the growth of the animals, and this -in turn- also has an effect on consumers."> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> </Content> </Document> <Document xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <Content> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="In this situation, those engaged with the poultry industry should be able to explain in detail why this concept is a myth without assertion. By doing so, we provide relief to consumers and our industry.
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="Let us learn this topic in detail. "> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> </Content> </Document> <Document xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <Content> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="In the last years, poultry meat consumption has increased worldwide. Because of its low cost relative to other meats, its nutritional quality, and its versatility for preparation of different meals, poultry meat is an important source of high-quality protein for the family table. In addition, in cases of hospitalization, or when special diets are required, doctors recommend the consumption of poultry meat over other protein sources."> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> </Content> </Document> <Document xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <Content> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="Poultry meat is very rich in protein of high biological value and other nutrients, while providing a low calorie supply. Let us see this in detail.
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="According to Cincap, which is the Chicken Meat Nutritional Information Center, one serving of skinless chicken weighing 150 grams provides approximately 50% of the daily recommended value of protein and 176 kilocalories, which -in turn- represents 9% of the recommended daily energy value. It also provides minerals, such as phosphorus, potassium, iron, and sodium. 
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="The fat supply is only 5 grams, which includes primarily unsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic acid, omega 6, and omega 3. This represents 8% of the daily recommendation.
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="This high nutritional value is the reason why this meat is highly recommended by health professionals."> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> </Content> </Document> <Document xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <Content> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="If poultry meat is a source of high-quality protein, and its consumption is recommended by doctors, what is the basis of the belief stating that poultry meat contains hormones?
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="In the 1950s, a synthetic estrogen called diethylstilbestrol (also known as DES) was used in Europe for neutering chickens. During that time, and before the beginning of industrial poultry, the females were raised for egg production, and the males were grown for meat production. 
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="The use of DES as a hormonal treatment, instead of the surgical method, was expected to increase body weight and to improve meat quality. This synthetic hormone was injected in the neck of the birds, where residues could concentrate.
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="The consumption of these residues may have been the cause of a case of gynecomastia, later disseminated in several medical publications. 
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="If you want to know what gynecomastia is, click in this box.
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="-----
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="Gynecomastia is a pathology that occurs in men when there is an increase in the size of one or both mammary glands. It is associated with an excessive synthesis of some hormones, namely prolactin and estrogen, that cause the development of glandular tissue with increased fat deposition in the breast area. Do you know what hormones are and how they are classified? Let us move forward to understand this."> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> </Content> </Document> <Document xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <Content> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="Hormones are substances secreted by specific organs that regulate or affect the activity of other organs. Hormones work as chemical messengers in the bloodstream throughout the body. 
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="There are different types of hormones and many different classifications. Click in Classification to discover the different types of hormones according to its chemical structure.
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="-----
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="The classification of hormones based on the chemical structure includes 4 groups: steroids, proteins, amines, and glycoproteins. 
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="Although DES is a synthetic estrogen, it could be classified within the steroids group.
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="The growth hormone is classified within the protein group."> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> </Content> </Document> <Document xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <Content> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="So, what is true about the use of hormones for accelerating the growth of broilers?
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="Even though it is assumed that the use of the estrogen DES was an isolated case that originated the myth, there are several reasons why the use of hormones in poultry production, either in the feed, in the water, or as an injectable, is unfeasible.
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="Let us move forward to discover them. "> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> </Content> </Document> <Document xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <Content> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="First, health and safety agencies in most countries have clearly defined, as a regulation, the prohibition of hormones in poultry production. This ban aims mainly to bring calmness to consumers. Also, even if allowed, its use is unfeasible."> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> </Content> </Document> <Document xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <Content> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="Secondly, animals synthesize their own endogenous hormones depending on the life stage. For example, hormones related to the reproductive system are synthesized once animals reach maturity. 
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="Regarding growth hormone, also known as GH, it is produced in the adenohypophysis, and its synthesis slows down as the animal grows. 
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="Nowadays, as the poultry industry has achieved fast growing rates in young animals through genetic selection, nutrition, health, and management, it is not necessary to use growth hormone during the short growth cycle of the bird."> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> </Content> </Document> <Document xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <Content> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="In third place, current poultry meat prices are low relative to feed prices and the technological innovations invested by the industry, which leads to small profit margins.
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="This, added to the excessive cost of hormones and their minimum effect on growth, makes their use economically unfeasible.
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="-----
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="In a recent study conducted at the University of Michigan, Dr. Joyce Lee and her collaborators concluded that the cost of treating children with growth hormones to increase their height by 2.5 centimeters exceeded forty thousand dollars."> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> </Content> </Document> <Document xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <Content> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="Additionally, as mentioned before, growth hormone is a protein; therefore, similar to insulin, its effective administration is feasible only through periodic injections. Also, growth hormone cannot be supplied in the food for two reasons: first, it would not resist feed processing, and second, it would not reach intact to the gastrointestinal tract. Let us see these reasons in detail.
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="-----
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="During the manufacturing processes, such as feed conditioning and pelleting, feed ingredients are exposed to high temperatures that denaturalize proteins. 
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="The denaturation process fragments the protein into different isolated amino acids, losing its functionality as growth hormone.
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="-----
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="Even if supplied in the feed or in the water, the secretions of the gastrointestinal tract digest the protein, therefore inactivating its function as growth hormone."> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> </Content> </Document> <Document xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <Content> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="Another important aspect is that animal welfare practices implemented by the industry recommend minimizing bird handling. The frequent entrance of personnel into the broiler house for periodic vaccinations would have a negative impact on animal welfare, affecting their weight gain and growth, and their health as well."> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> </Content> </Document> <Document xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <Content> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="Additionally, the genetic improvement achieved over the last decades in the poultry industry has been outstanding. Due to the selection of fast growing animals, the improved conversion of feed into meat, a better resistance to diseases, and to a greater egg production, birds can reach their final weight between 42 and 45 days old.
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="So, if hormones were effective and practical, animals would be subjected to an accelerated development cycle that would increase mortality, the incidence of health problems (such as skeletal disorders), and the accumulation of fat, affecting the quality of the final product."> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> </Content> </Document> <Document xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <Content> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="Finally, consumers do not accept its use. It is evident that, if the use of hormones in any poultry company becomes known, it would be subject to a loss of reputation that would cause the collapse of the business. Consumers would quickly change their preference to other companies’ products, the sales would drop, and the company would face a strong confiscation of the production by authorities.
"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="Considering the legal demands that the company would face and the loss of reputation and production, the company would surely face bankruptcy."> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> </Content> </Document> <Document xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <Content> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="Everybody in the poultry industry must know these concepts and how to communicate them to provide peace of mind to consumers, and thus knock out, over time, the myth about the use of hormones in broiler production."> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> </Content> </Document> <Document xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <Content> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="In addition to knowing these concepts, it is critical knowing how to communicate them effectively. One of the main issues is identifying the audience. It is not the same to communicate these concepts to a medical science professional, to a veterinarian, or to a consumer lacking knowledge of poultry production. Each of them will require a special language according to their own reality and time dedication. Some advices for giving an effective message are providing examples with images of our daily work, explaining each concept in detail, and checking that the learning concept has been understood."> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> </Content> </Document> <Document xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <Content> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="To finish, we will do a brief activity."> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> </Content> </Document> <Document xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <Content> <Block> <Style FlowDirection="LeftToRight" LeadingMargin="0" TrailingMargin="0" FirstLineMargin="0" Justification="Left" CustomTabStops="" LineSpacingRule="Single" LineSpacing="20" SpacingBefore="0" SpacingAfter="0"> <ListStyle ListType="None" ListTypeFormat="Parentheses" BulletFont="Arial" /> </Style> <Span Text="We have learned the reasons that explain why the use of hormones in the poultry production is a myth. If you still have any doubts, contact the association of poultry production in your country. These associations have a lot of backup information that will allow you to reinforce the information we have learned today. See you soon!"> <Style FontFamily="Titillium Web" FontSize="11" FontIsBold="False" FontIsItalic="False" FontIsUnderline="False" FontIsStrikeout="False" /> </Span> </Block> </Content> </Document>